1 00:00:15,740 --> 00:00:18,950 every good group of retirees gets 2 00:00:18,950 --> 00:00:18,960 every good group of retirees gets 3 00:00:18,960 --> 00:00:21,200 every good group of retirees gets together at brookside golf course in Los 4 00:00:21,200 --> 00:00:21,210 together at brookside golf course in Los 5 00:00:21,210 --> 00:00:24,410 together at brookside golf course in Los Angeles California bill graham has been 6 00:00:24,410 --> 00:00:24,420 Angeles California bill graham has been 7 00:00:24,420 --> 00:00:26,570 Angeles California bill graham has been a golfer for years and is used to 8 00:00:26,570 --> 00:00:26,580 a golfer for years and is used to 9 00:00:26,580 --> 00:00:29,359 a golfer for years and is used to playing with handicaps but he now plays 10 00:00:29,359 --> 00:00:29,369 playing with handicaps but he now plays 11 00:00:29,369 --> 00:00:32,870 playing with handicaps but he now plays with a different kind a severe loss of 12 00:00:32,870 --> 00:00:32,880 with a different kind a severe loss of 13 00:00:32,880 --> 00:00:35,299 with a different kind a severe loss of central vision caused by age-related 14 00:00:35,299 --> 00:00:35,309 central vision caused by age-related 15 00:00:35,309 --> 00:00:38,959 central vision caused by age-related macular degeneration the disease's 16 00:00:38,959 --> 00:00:38,969 macular degeneration the disease's 17 00:00:38,969 --> 00:00:41,150 macular degeneration the disease's claimed a center portion of his eyesight 18 00:00:41,150 --> 00:00:41,160 claimed a center portion of his eyesight 19 00:00:41,160 --> 00:00:43,970 claimed a center portion of his eyesight we're fine details are recognized before 20 00:00:43,970 --> 00:00:43,980 we're fine details are recognized before 21 00:00:43,980 --> 00:00:46,760 we're fine details are recognized before the condition of X 1 out of 5 americans 22 00:00:46,760 --> 00:00:46,770 the condition of X 1 out of 5 americans 23 00:00:46,770 --> 00:00:50,660 the condition of X 1 out of 5 americans over the age of 75 right there 24 00:00:50,660 --> 00:00:50,670 over the age of 75 right there 25 00:00:50,670 --> 00:00:54,119 over the age of 75 right there at the first team a friend helps line up 26 00:00:54,119 --> 00:00:54,129 at the first team a friend helps line up 27 00:00:54,129 --> 00:00:57,150 at the first team a friend helps line up the shot bill has to rely upon his 28 00:00:57,150 --> 00:00:57,160 the shot bill has to rely upon his 29 00:00:57,160 --> 00:00:59,910 the shot bill has to rely upon his peripheral vision he sees something like 30 00:00:59,910 --> 00:00:59,920 peripheral vision he sees something like 31 00:00:59,920 --> 00:01:05,650 peripheral vision he sees something like this 32 00:01:05,650 --> 00:01:05,660 33 00:01:05,660 --> 00:01:08,270 every day activities like crossing a 34 00:01:08,270 --> 00:01:08,280 every day activities like crossing a 35 00:01:08,280 --> 00:01:10,280 every day activities like crossing a busy intersection are difficult with 36 00:01:10,280 --> 00:01:10,290 busy intersection are difficult with 37 00:01:10,290 --> 00:01:12,950 busy intersection are difficult with macular degeneration and reading a 38 00:01:12,950 --> 00:01:12,960 macular degeneration and reading a 39 00:01:12,960 --> 00:01:16,190 macular degeneration and reading a newspaper is nearly impossible to date 40 00:01:16,190 --> 00:01:16,200 newspaper is nearly impossible to date 41 00:01:16,200 --> 00:01:18,650 newspaper is nearly impossible to date there is no cure for the disease just 42 00:01:18,650 --> 00:01:18,660 there is no cure for the disease just 43 00:01:18,660 --> 00:01:21,410 there is no cure for the disease just measures to keep it in check but dr. 44 00:01:21,410 --> 00:01:21,420 measures to keep it in check but dr. 45 00:01:21,420 --> 00:01:23,330 measures to keep it in check but dr. Terry Lawton of NASA's Jet Propulsion 46 00:01:23,330 --> 00:01:23,340 Terry Lawton of NASA's Jet Propulsion 47 00:01:23,340 --> 00:01:26,690 Terry Lawton of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena California is 48 00:01:26,690 --> 00:01:26,700 Laboratory in Pasadena California is 49 00:01:26,700 --> 00:01:29,300 Laboratory in Pasadena California is working on an image filtering technique 50 00:01:29,300 --> 00:01:29,310 working on an image filtering technique 51 00:01:29,310 --> 00:01:31,790 working on an image filtering technique next that helps people read it's 52 00:01:31,790 --> 00:01:31,800 next that helps people read it's 53 00:01:31,800 --> 00:01:33,530 next that helps people read it's something people aren't used to doing 54 00:01:33,530 --> 00:01:33,540 something people aren't used to doing 55 00:01:33,540 --> 00:01:35,390 something people aren't used to doing looking off to the side to be able to 56 00:01:35,390 --> 00:01:35,400 looking off to the side to be able to 57 00:01:35,400 --> 00:01:37,400 looking off to the side to be able to read but that's where their best vision 58 00:01:37,400 --> 00:01:37,410 read but that's where their best vision 59 00:01:37,410 --> 00:01:40,940 read but that's where their best vision is now and these filters make it so that 60 00:01:40,940 --> 00:01:40,950 is now and these filters make it so that 61 00:01:40,950 --> 00:01:42,730 is now and these filters make it so that they can read two or four times faster 62 00:01:42,730 --> 00:01:42,740 they can read two or four times faster 63 00:01:42,740 --> 00:01:45,590 they can read two or four times faster this is an example of an unfiltered 64 00:01:45,590 --> 00:01:45,600 this is an example of an unfiltered 65 00:01:45,600 --> 00:01:48,890 this is an example of an unfiltered versus of filtered word using a closed 66 00:01:48,890 --> 00:01:48,900 versus of filtered word using a closed 67 00:01:48,900 --> 00:01:51,770 versus of filtered word using a closed circuit viewer dr. Lawton measures the 68 00:01:51,770 --> 00:01:51,780 circuit viewer dr. Lawton measures the 69 00:01:51,780 --> 00:01:54,140 circuit viewer dr. Lawton measures the number of correct responses given by mr. 70 00:01:54,140 --> 00:01:54,150 number of correct responses given by mr. 71 00:01:54,150 --> 00:01:56,630 number of correct responses given by mr. Graham during a test that mixes filtered 72 00:01:56,630 --> 00:01:56,640 Graham during a test that mixes filtered 73 00:01:56,640 --> 00:02:00,440 Graham during a test that mixes filtered and unfiltered sentences the dogs swam 74 00:02:00,440 --> 00:02:00,450 and unfiltered sentences the dogs swam 75 00:02:00,450 --> 00:02:04,790 and unfiltered sentences the dogs swam in the water and played all day the 76 00:02:04,790 --> 00:02:04,800 in the water and played all day the 77 00:02:04,800 --> 00:02:06,920 in the water and played all day the digitally processed words actually 78 00:02:06,920 --> 00:02:06,930 digitally processed words actually 79 00:02:06,930 --> 00:02:09,530 digitally processed words actually appear less readable for someone with 80 00:02:09,530 --> 00:02:09,540 appear less readable for someone with 81 00:02:09,540 --> 00:02:12,199 appear less readable for someone with normal sight the reality is it is more 82 00:02:12,199 --> 00:02:12,209 normal sight the reality is it is more 83 00:02:12,209 --> 00:02:14,600 normal sight the reality is it is more blurred where terlatin is doing is not 84 00:02:14,600 --> 00:02:14,610 blurred where terlatin is doing is not 85 00:02:14,610 --> 00:02:17,510 blurred where terlatin is doing is not creating a crisp sharp edge but with her 86 00:02:17,510 --> 00:02:17,520 creating a crisp sharp edge but with her 87 00:02:17,520 --> 00:02:19,760 creating a crisp sharp edge but with her filters she's creating enhancement of 88 00:02:19,760 --> 00:02:19,770 filters she's creating enhancement of 89 00:02:19,770 --> 00:02:22,670 filters she's creating enhancement of contrast and even though you don't need 90 00:02:22,670 --> 00:02:22,680 contrast and even though you don't need 91 00:02:22,680 --> 00:02:24,260 contrast and even though you don't need that enhancement so you see the blurring 92 00:02:24,260 --> 00:02:24,270 that enhancement so you see the blurring 93 00:02:24,270 --> 00:02:26,420 that enhancement so you see the blurring that she's creating the person who has 94 00:02:26,420 --> 00:02:26,430 that she's creating the person who has 95 00:02:26,430 --> 00:02:28,940 that she's creating the person who has certain losses needs the contrast more 96 00:02:28,940 --> 00:02:28,950 certain losses needs the contrast more 97 00:02:28,950 --> 00:02:30,199 certain losses needs the contrast more than they need a sharpness of the edge 98 00:02:30,199 --> 00:02:30,209 than they need a sharpness of the edge 99 00:02:30,209 --> 00:02:32,720 than they need a sharpness of the edge and they see better with this I want you 100 00:02:32,720 --> 00:02:32,730 and they see better with this I want you 101 00:02:32,730 --> 00:02:34,460 and they see better with this I want you to tell me each one of these circles 102 00:02:34,460 --> 00:02:34,470 to tell me each one of these circles 103 00:02:34,470 --> 00:02:37,160 to tell me each one of these circles standard I testing until recently never 104 00:02:37,160 --> 00:02:37,170 standard I testing until recently never 105 00:02:37,170 --> 00:02:40,009 standard I testing until recently never measured an individual sensitivity to 106 00:02:40,009 --> 00:02:40,019 measured an individual sensitivity to 107 00:02:40,019 --> 00:02:42,740 measured an individual sensitivity to contrast which is how well various 108 00:02:42,740 --> 00:02:42,750 contrast which is how well various 109 00:02:42,750 --> 00:02:46,130 contrast which is how well various patterns are seen from light to dark dr. 110 00:02:46,130 --> 00:02:46,140 patterns are seen from light to dark dr. 111 00:02:46,140 --> 00:02:47,810 patterns are seen from light to dark dr. Lawton has developed the system that 112 00:02:47,810 --> 00:02:47,820 Lawton has developed the system that 113 00:02:47,820 --> 00:02:51,380 Lawton has developed the system that very accurately measures this ability by 114 00:02:51,380 --> 00:02:51,390 very accurately measures this ability by 115 00:02:51,390 --> 00:02:53,390 very accurately measures this ability by hitting buttons mr. Graham tells a 116 00:02:53,390 --> 00:02:53,400 hitting buttons mr. Graham tells a 117 00:02:53,400 --> 00:02:55,370 hitting buttons mr. Graham tells a computer whether he sees the pattern on 118 00:02:55,370 --> 00:02:55,380 computer whether he sees the pattern on 119 00:02:55,380 --> 00:02:58,280 computer whether he sees the pattern on a screen slant to the right or left the 120 00:02:58,280 --> 00:02:58,290 a screen slant to the right or left the 121 00:02:58,290 --> 00:03:01,070 a screen slant to the right or left the technology pinpoints his best level of 122 00:03:01,070 --> 00:03:01,080 technology pinpoints his best level of 123 00:03:01,080 --> 00:03:03,590 technology pinpoints his best level of contrast sensitivity which then gets 124 00:03:03,590 --> 00:03:03,600 contrast sensitivity which then gets 125 00:03:03,600 --> 00:03:06,050 contrast sensitivity which then gets translated into the way words are shaded 126 00:03:06,050 --> 00:03:06,060 translated into the way words are shaded 127 00:03:06,060 --> 00:03:09,050 translated into the way words are shaded or filtered eventually closed circuit 128 00:03:09,050 --> 00:03:09,060 or filtered eventually closed circuit 129 00:03:09,060 --> 00:03:10,910 or filtered eventually closed circuit viewers will be on the market that 130 00:03:10,910 --> 00:03:10,920 viewers will be on the market that 131 00:03:10,920 --> 00:03:13,070 viewers will be on the market that magnify and filter words 132 00:03:13,070 --> 00:03:13,080 magnify and filter words 133 00:03:13,080 --> 00:03:16,280 magnify and filter words with a long did Jules contrast that to 134 00:03:16,280 --> 00:03:16,290 with a long did Jules contrast that to 135 00:03:16,290 --> 00:03:20,750 with a long did Jules contrast that to hear the birch as a result of the 136 00:03:20,750 --> 00:03:20,760 hear the birch as a result of the 137 00:03:20,760 --> 00:03:23,270 hear the birch as a result of the research dr. Lawton sees potential in 138 00:03:23,270 --> 00:03:23,280 research dr. Lawton sees potential in 139 00:03:23,280 --> 00:03:25,640 research dr. Lawton sees potential in using this image processing technique 140 00:03:25,640 --> 00:03:25,650 using this image processing technique 141 00:03:25,650 --> 00:03:29,750 using this image processing technique for a future Mars rover vision system it 142 00:03:29,750 --> 00:03:29,760 for a future Mars rover vision system it 143 00:03:29,760 --> 00:03:31,880 for a future Mars rover vision system it would assist in negotiating Boulder 144 00:03:31,880 --> 00:03:31,890 would assist in negotiating Boulder 145 00:03:31,890 --> 00:03:34,550 would assist in negotiating Boulder fields such as this photographed by an 146 00:03:34,550 --> 00:03:34,560 fields such as this photographed by an 147 00:03:34,560 --> 00:03:37,730 fields such as this photographed by an early Martian probe called Viking the 148 00:03:37,730 --> 00:03:37,740 early Martian probe called Viking the 149 00:03:37,740 --> 00:03:40,250 early Martian probe called Viking the filtering acts to highlight individual 150 00:03:40,250 --> 00:03:40,260 filtering acts to highlight individual 151 00:03:40,260 --> 00:03:42,170 filtering acts to highlight individual boulders in the same way it uses 152 00:03:42,170 --> 00:03:42,180 boulders in the same way it uses 153 00:03:42,180 --> 00:03:44,510 boulders in the same way it uses contrast to emphasize the shape of 154 00:03:44,510 --> 00:03:44,520 contrast to emphasize the shape of 155 00:03:44,520 --> 00:03:47,300 contrast to emphasize the shape of letters in a word thus pinpointing 156 00:03:47,300 --> 00:03:47,310 letters in a word thus pinpointing 157 00:03:47,310 --> 00:03:51,800 letters in a word thus pinpointing obstacles for the rover to avoid NASA's 158 00:03:51,800 --> 00:03:51,810 obstacles for the rover to avoid NASA's 159 00:03:51,810 --> 00:03:55,040 obstacles for the rover to avoid NASA's human factors research and its ties to 160 00:03:55,040 --> 00:03:55,050 human factors research and its ties to 161 00:03:55,050 --> 00:03:58,820 human factors research and its ties to image processing helping man and machine 162 00:03:58,820 --> 00:03:58,830 image processing helping man and machine 163 00:03:58,830 --> 00:04:05,120 image processing helping man and machine extend the ability to see 164 00:04:05,120 --> 00:04:05,130 165 00:04:05,130 --> 00:04:07,190 you